Toda :ēḍ (obl. ēḍṇ-/ēṇ-; ēɫ̣̣- when preceded by plural personal or reflexive pronoun)
Additional forms :Also Kota ir vād twenty; irrvād by twenties; ir pāṇy two pāny measures; i vat od_ twenty-one, etc.; i nūr 200; īr āṛ two years; īr ōk two oḷk measures; eṛ calg two calg measures; Toda ɨ foɵ twenty; ɨ nūr_ 200; i kwāw two kwāx measures; īr ōṛ two years; īr ak two ačok measures; īṭy double, even (of numbers); ɨm double; ɨmu twins (pl. ɨmuām twins on more than one occasion); ɨ̄štyū twice
Notes :The cluster -yd_- in Kota is unique and most probably reflects a very untrivial development from *-r(ǝ)nḍ-, cf. the external evidence.
Kota :ig- (ir- in one form; it-) "to exist, be in a place"
Toda :ɨr- (ɨɵ-) "to sit, remain, live; perfective-continuative auxiliary"
Additional forms :Also Kota irp collection of property; irpgārn rich man; ? igc- (igc-) to ignite (tic fire); Toda ɨṣt- (ɨṣty-) to seat, keep in a place; ɨṣk lifetime; īṣk dwelling, act of dwelling
Notes :Kota ig- < *ir-ǝ-K-, although the development is irregular. Toda ɨṣt- < *ir-ǝ-t- (= Tam. iruttu).
Kota :irg- (irgy-) "to become tight, be compressed, be tightly wedged in"
Toda :ikoṭ "difficulty, narrowness of path"
Additional forms :Also Kota irk- (irky-) to tighten (clothes), pinch, press tightly in crowd; ikaṭ obstruction, esp. on narrow path so that one cannot pass
Notes :Kota ikaṭ, Toda ikoṭ < PN *i-kaṭ < *ir-kaṭ. More probable, however, is that both forms are borrowed from Tamil ikkaṭṭu, because the loss of -r- in Toda is irregular (PN *-rk- > Toda -šk-, PN *-rǝk- > Toda -ṣk-).
Kota :iḷv- (iḷt-) "to drag on ground (intr.); drag (tr.), suck"
Toda :ɨxy- (ɨxc-) "(calf) sucks"
Additional forms :Also Kota ? iv- (ivt-) to pull out or off; Toda īṣf- (īṣt-) to drag, pull
Notes :Toda ɨxy- is somewhat dubious; it is not excluded that ɨxy- = Tulu igguni draw, pull" (< *iṛ-g-?), but the phoneme sequence is too rare for the comparison to be certain.
Number in DED :504
Proto-Nilgiri :*ir-ǝg
Meaning :kindling (dry plants with leaves still on)
Kota :erg- (ergy-) "to go down, (food) is swallowed"
Toda :ir_k- (ir_ky-) "to swallow"
Additional forms :Also Kota erk- (erky-) to put down (load), reduce (a fine), (priest) unties (front hair knot); erg down; Toda er_k down, the east; mud_y ir_k- (ir_ky-) to shave (beard and hair) in payment of vow (lit. to make the hair descend, < Tamil)
Additional forms :Also Kota īt_ may (woman or buffalo) which having borne once or twice is barren (may) thereafter; Toda īt_- (īt_y-) (goddess) brings forth child, (god) makes to bear (calf); īt_ ōy- to be about to calve; īt_ ēp ɨr buffalo within a month of calving; īt_ slime passed in dysentery or by buffalo during calving
Notes :The verbal stem īt_- in Toda is most probably secondary (a backformation from the nominal derivate *īt_).
